{"id":5434,"date":"2023-08-25T00:00:00","date_gmt":"2023-08-25T00:00:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/tech-lib.eu\/tech\/typy-hardwaru-uceleny-prehled\/"},"modified":"2023-08-25T00:00:00","modified_gmt":"2023-08-25T00:00:00","slug":"typy-hardwaru-uceleny-prehled","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/tech-lib.eu\/tech\/typy-hardwaru-uceleny-prehled\/","title":{"rendered":"Typy hardwaru. Ucelen\u00fd p\u0159ehled"},"content":{"rendered":"<div class=\"orig\">\n<div class=\"origqestion\">Co v\u0161echno pat\u0159\u00ed do hardware?<\/div>\n<div class=\"origanswer\">Typick\u00e9 \u010d\u00e1sti hardwaru<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Procesor.<\/li>\n<li>Grafick\u00e1 karta.<\/li>\n<li>Pam\u011b\u0165 RAM.<\/li>\n<li>Pevn\u00fd disk.<\/li>\n<li>Z\u00e1kladn\u00ed deska.<\/li>\n<li>Z\u00e1kladn\u00ed rozd\u011blen\u00ed po\u010d\u00edta\u010d\u016f<\/li>\n<\/ul><\/div>\n<div class=\"origurl\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<span> Dal\u0161\u00ed informace najdete na<\/span> <a href=\"https:\/\/cs.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Hardware\">cs.wikipedia.org<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n<\/p><\/div>\n<div class=\"articlecontent\">P\u0159edstavte se: Hardware hraje z\u00e1sadn\u00ed roli p\u0159i zaji\u0161\u0165ov\u00e1n\u00ed provozu mnoha za\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed a syst\u00e9m\u016f ve st\u00e1le se m\u011bn\u00edc\u00edm sv\u011bt\u011b technologi\u00ed. Hardwarov\u00e9 komponenty jsou nezbytn\u00e9 pro fungov\u00e1n\u00ed softwaru a celkov\u00e9 fungov\u00e1n\u00ed elektronick\u00fdch za\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed, od stoln\u00edch po\u010d\u00edta\u010d\u016f a\u017e po chytr\u00e9 telefony. V tomto \u010dl\u00e1nku se budeme zab\u00fdvat r\u016fzn\u00fdmi typy hardwaru, jejich \u00fa\u010delem a t\u00edm, jak ovliv\u0148uj\u00ed n\u00e1\u0161 ka\u017edodenn\u00ed \u017eivot. Jak\u00e9 jsou druhy hardwaru? <\/p>\n<div class=\"newlinediv\"><\/div>\n<p> Fyzick\u00e9 \u010d\u00e1sti po\u010d\u00edta\u010dov\u00e9ho syst\u00e9mu nebo jin\u00e9ho elektronick\u00e9ho za\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed se ozna\u010duj\u00ed jako hardware. Zahrnuje \u0161irokou \u0161k\u00e1lu komponent a za\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed, z nich\u017e ka\u017ed\u00e9 m\u00e1 sv\u016fj specifick\u00fd \u00fa\u010del. Vstupn\u00ed za\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed, v\u00fdstupn\u00ed za\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed, pam\u011b\u0165ov\u00e1 za\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed a za\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed pro zpracov\u00e1n\u00ed dat jsou \u010dty\u0159i z\u00e1kladn\u00ed kategorie, do kter\u00fdch lze rozd\u011blit r\u016fzn\u00e9 druhy hardwaru. n\u00e1sleduj\u00edc\u00ed vstupn\u00ed za\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed: Po\u010d\u00edta\u010dov\u00fd syst\u00e9m p\u0159ij\u00edm\u00e1 data a p\u0159\u00edkazy ze vstupn\u00edch za\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed. Pat\u0159\u00ed mezi n\u011b pom\u016fcky, jako jsou dotykov\u00e9 obrazovky, my\u0161i, skenery a kl\u00e1vesnice. U\u017eivatel\u00e9 mohou tyto n\u00e1stroje pou\u017e\u00edvat ke komunikaci s po\u010d\u00edta\u010dem, zad\u00e1v\u00e1n\u00ed dat a spr\u00e1v\u011b softwaru. Ka\u017ed\u00fd po\u010d\u00edta\u010dov\u00fd syst\u00e9m pot\u0159ebuje vstupn\u00ed za\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed, proto\u017ee umo\u017e\u0148uj\u00ed u\u017eivatel\u016fm zad\u00e1vat p\u0159\u00edkazy a data. Na druh\u00e9 stran\u011b v\u00fdstupn\u00ed za\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed zobrazuj\u00ed nebo poskytuj\u00ed u\u017eivateli informace, kter\u00e9 byly zpracov\u00e1ny po\u010d\u00edta\u010dov\u00fdm syst\u00e9mem. Typick\u00fdmi p\u0159\u00edklady v\u00fdstupn\u00edch za\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed jsou projektory, reproduktory, tisk\u00e1rny a monitory. U\u017eivatel\u00e9 mohou zobrazit nebo sly\u0161et v\u00fdstup vytvo\u0159en\u00fd po\u010d\u00edta\u010dem d\u00edky t\u011bmto za\u0159\u00edzen\u00edm, kter\u00e1 p\u0159ev\u00e1d\u011bj\u00ed elektronick\u00e9 informace do lidsky \u010diteln\u00fdch nebo vn\u00edmateln\u00fdch form\u00e1t\u016f. <\/p>\n<div class=\"newlinediv\"><\/div>\n<p> Za\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed pro ukl\u00e1d\u00e1n\u00ed dat: <\/p>\n<div class=\"newlinediv\"><\/div>\n<p> V po\u010d\u00edta\u010dov\u00e9m syst\u00e9mu se data ukl\u00e1daj\u00ed a na\u010d\u00edtaj\u00ed prost\u0159ednictv\u00edm pam\u011b\u0165ov\u00fdch za\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed. Tyto n\u00e1stroje, mezi n\u011b\u017e pat\u0159\u00ed pevn\u00e9 disky (HDD), polovodi\u010dov\u00e9 disky (SSD), pam\u011b\u0165ov\u00e9 karty a USB flash disky, jsou nezbytn\u00e9 pro dlouhodob\u00e9 ukl\u00e1d\u00e1n\u00ed dat. Za\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed pro ukl\u00e1d\u00e1n\u00ed dat a jejich zp\u0159\u00edstupn\u011bn\u00ed v p\u0159\u00edpad\u011b pot\u0159eby jsou nezbytn\u00e1. P\u0159\u00edstroje pro zpracov\u00e1n\u00ed dat: V po\u010d\u00edta\u010dov\u00e9m syst\u00e9mu maj\u00ed v\u00fdpo\u010detn\u00ed jednotky na starosti prov\u00e1d\u011bn\u00ed v\u00fdpo\u010dt\u016f a instrukc\u00ed. Z\u00e1kladn\u00ed v\u00fdpo\u010detn\u00ed komponentou v\u011bt\u0161iny po\u010d\u00edta\u010d\u016f je centr\u00e1ln\u00ed procesorov\u00e1 jednotka (CPU). Vykon\u00e1v\u00e1 p\u0159\u00edkazy zadan\u00e9 softwarem a prov\u00e1d\u00ed procesy v\u010detn\u011b v\u00fdpo\u010dt\u016f, logiky a manipulace s daty. Dal\u0161\u00edmi dv\u011bma v\u00fdpo\u010detn\u00edmi n\u00e1stroji jsou digit\u00e1ln\u00ed sign\u00e1lov\u00e9 procesory (DSP) a grafick\u00e9 procesory (GPU), kter\u00e9 se specializuj\u00ed na zpracov\u00e1n\u00ed zvuku, resp. grafiky. <\/p>\n<div class=\"newlinediv\"><\/div>\n<p> Shrnut\u00ed: <\/p>\n<div class=\"newlinediv\"><\/div>\n<p> Z\u00e1v\u011brem lze \u0159\u00edci, \u017ee hardware ozna\u010duje \u0161irokou \u0161k\u00e1lu komponent nezbytn\u00fdch pro provoz elektronick\u00fdch za\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed a po\u010d\u00edta\u010dov\u00fdch syst\u00e9m\u016f. \u010cty\u0159i hlavn\u00ed kategorie hardwaru jsou vstupn\u00ed, v\u00fdstupn\u00ed, \u00falo\u017en\u00e1 a zpracovatelsk\u00e1 za\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed. Zat\u00edmco v\u00fdstupn\u00ed za\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed zobrazuj\u00ed nebo dod\u00e1vaj\u00ed zpracovan\u00e9 informace, vstupn\u00ed za\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed umo\u017e\u0148uj\u00ed u\u017eivatel\u016fm zad\u00e1vat data a p\u0159\u00edkazy. Dlouhodob\u00e9 ukl\u00e1d\u00e1n\u00ed dat zaji\u0161\u0165uj\u00ed pam\u011b\u0165ov\u00e1 za\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed, zat\u00edmco v\u00fdpo\u010dty a prov\u00e1d\u011bn\u00ed p\u0159\u00edkaz\u016f zaji\u0161\u0165uj\u00ed zpracovatelsk\u00e1 za\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed. Pokud jde o v\u00fdb\u011br a pou\u017e\u00edv\u00e1n\u00ed elektronick\u00fdch p\u0159\u00edstroj\u016f, znalost r\u016fzn\u00fdch typ\u016f hardwaru n\u00e1m umo\u017e\u0148uje rozpoznat jejich v\u00fdznam a \u010dinit informovan\u00e1 rozhodnut\u00ed.<\/p><\/div>\n<div class=\"questions\">\n<div class=\"questionstitle\">FAQ<\/div>\n<div class=\"question\">\n<div class=\"qtitle\"> Co je to hardware 3 p\u0159\u00edklady?<\/div>\n<p> Hardware popisuje hmatateln\u00e9, viditeln\u00e9 a hmatateln\u00e9 \u010d\u00e1sti po\u010d\u00edta\u010dov\u00e9ho syst\u00e9mu. Zde jsou t\u0159i p\u0159\u00edklady hardwaru: 1. Centr\u00e1ln\u00ed procesorov\u00e1 jednotka (CPU): Procesor je mozkem po\u010d\u00edta\u010de a m\u00e1 na starosti prov\u00e1d\u011bn\u00ed v\u00fdpo\u010dt\u016f a p\u0159\u00edkaz\u016f. \u0158\u00edd\u00ed zpracov\u00e1n\u00ed dat a celkov\u00fd chod po\u010d\u00edta\u010de. Pam\u011b\u0165 RAM (Random Access Memory) je druh pam\u011bti po\u010d\u00edta\u010de, kter\u00e1 nab\u00edz\u00ed kr\u00e1tkodob\u00e9 ulo\u017een\u00ed informac\u00ed a p\u0159\u00edkaz\u016f, k nim\u017e procesor pot\u0159ebuje rychl\u00fd p\u0159\u00edstup. Podporuje multitasking a umo\u017e\u0148uje rychlej\u0161\u00ed na\u010d\u00edt\u00e1n\u00ed dat. 3. Pevn\u00fd disk (HDD): Pevn\u00fd disk je nevolatiln\u00ed pam\u011b\u0165ov\u00fd syst\u00e9m, kter\u00fd slou\u017e\u00ed k dlouhodob\u00e9mu ukl\u00e1d\u00e1n\u00ed dat. K ukl\u00e1d\u00e1n\u00ed a na\u010d\u00edt\u00e1n\u00ed digit\u00e1ln\u00edch dat vyu\u017e\u00edv\u00e1 rotuj\u00edc\u00ed disky a magnetickou pam\u011b\u0165 a nab\u00edz\u00ed zna\u010dn\u00e9 mno\u017estv\u00ed \u00falo\u017en\u00e9ho prostoru pro soubory, programy a opera\u010dn\u00ed syst\u00e9my. <\/p>\n<div class=\"newlinediv\"><\/div>\n<p> Toto je jen n\u011bkolik p\u0159\u00edklad\u016f r\u016fzn\u00fdch druh\u016f hardwarov\u00fdch sou\u010d\u00e1st\u00ed, kter\u00e9 lze nal\u00e9zt v po\u010d\u00edta\u010dov\u00e9m syst\u00e9mu. <\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"question\">\n<div class=\"qtitle\"> Jak\u00fdch je 5 klasifikac\u00ed hardwaru?<\/div>\n<p> Zde je uvedeno p\u011bt kategori\u00ed hardwaru: <\/p>\n<div class=\"newlinediv\"><\/div>\n<p> 1. Vstupn\u00ed za\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed: Jedn\u00e1 se o fyzick\u00e9 \u010d\u00e1sti po\u010d\u00edta\u010dov\u00e9ho syst\u00e9mu, kter\u00e9 umo\u017e\u0148uj\u00ed u\u017eivatel\u016fm zad\u00e1vat data nebo p\u0159\u00edkazy. P\u0159\u00edkladem jsou kl\u00e1vesnice, my\u0161i, skenery a mikrofony. Za\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed pro v\u00fdstup: Tyto \u010d\u00e1sti zobrazuj\u00ed nebo p\u0159en\u00e1\u0161ej\u00ed data, kter\u00e1 byla zpracov\u00e1na po\u010d\u00edta\u010dem. Projektory, reproduktory, tisk\u00e1rny a monitory jsou n\u011bkolika p\u0159\u00edklady. <\/p>\n<div class=\"newlinediv\"><\/div>\n<p> 3. Data lze ukl\u00e1dat a na\u010d\u00edtat prost\u0159ednictv\u00edm pam\u011b\u0165ov\u00fdch za\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed. P\u0159\u00edkladem jsou optick\u00e9 disky, jako jsou CD a DVD, pevn\u00e9 disky (HDD), polovodi\u010dov\u00e9 disky (SSD) a USB flash disky. 4. Za\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed pro zpracov\u00e1n\u00ed dat: Tyto \u010d\u00e1sti maj\u00ed na starosti zpracov\u00e1n\u00ed dat a prov\u00e1d\u011bn\u00ed p\u0159\u00edkaz\u016f. Zat\u00edmco grafick\u00e9 procesory (GPU) jsou specializovan\u00e9 procesory pro zpracov\u00e1n\u00ed grafick\u00fdch a vizu\u00e1ln\u00edch dat, centr\u00e1ln\u00ed procesorov\u00e1 jednotka (CPU) je hlavn\u00ed v\u00fdpo\u010detn\u00ed komponentou po\u010d\u00edta\u010de. <\/p>\n<div class=\"newlinediv\"><\/div>\n<p> 5. Komunika\u010dn\u00ed n\u00e1stroje: Tyto n\u00e1stroje umo\u017e\u0148uj\u00ed p\u0159enos dat a komunikaci mezi po\u010d\u00edta\u010di nebo jin\u00fdmi n\u00e1stroji. N\u011bkolik p\u0159\u00edklad\u016f p\u0159edstavuj\u00ed modemy, karty s\u00ed\u0165ov\u00e9ho rozhran\u00ed (NIC), sm\u011brova\u010de a p\u0159ep\u00edna\u010de. <\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"question\">\n<div class=\"qtitle\"> Jak\u00fdch je p\u011bt hlavn\u00edch druh\u016f hardwaru?<\/div>\n<p> P\u011bt hlavn\u00edch typ\u016f hardwaru je n\u00e1sleduj\u00edc\u00edch: <\/p>\n<div class=\"newlinediv\"><\/div>\n<p> 1. Centr\u00e1ln\u00ed procesorov\u00e1 jednotka (CPU) &#8211; mozek po\u010d\u00edta\u010de, kter\u00fd vykon\u00e1v\u00e1 instrukce a zpracov\u00e1v\u00e1 data. <\/p>\n<div class=\"newlinediv\"><\/div>\n<p> 2. Pam\u011b\u0165 RAM (Random Access Memory) &#8211; Do\u010dasn\u00fd prostor pro ukl\u00e1d\u00e1n\u00ed dat, kter\u00e1 jsou pr\u00e1v\u011b vyu\u017e\u00edv\u00e1na procesorem. <\/p>\n<div class=\"newlinediv\"><\/div>\n<p> 3. Pevn\u00fd disk (HDD) &#8211; nevolatiln\u00ed pam\u011b\u0165ov\u00e9 za\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed, kter\u00e9 ukl\u00e1d\u00e1 a na\u010d\u00edt\u00e1 digit\u00e1ln\u00ed informace pomoc\u00ed magnetick\u00e9 pam\u011bti.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Co v\u0161echno pat\u0159\u00ed do hardware? Typick\u00e9 \u010d\u00e1sti hardwaru Procesor. Grafick\u00e1 karta. Pam\u011b\u0165 RAM. Pevn\u00fd disk. Z\u00e1kladn\u00ed deska. Z\u00e1kladn\u00ed rozd\u011blen\u00ed po\u010d\u00edta\u010d\u016f Dal\u0161\u00ed informace najdete na cs.wikipedia.org P\u0159edstavte se: Hardware hraje z\u00e1sadn\u00ed roli p\u0159i zaji\u0161\u0165ov\u00e1n\u00ed provozu mnoha za\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed a syst\u00e9m\u016f ve st\u00e1le se m\u011bn\u00edc\u00edm sv\u011bt\u011b technologi\u00ed. Hardwarov\u00e9 komponenty jsou nezbytn\u00e9 pro fungov\u00e1n\u00ed softwaru a celkov\u00e9 fungov\u00e1n\u00ed elektronick\u00fdch &#8230; <a title=\"Typy hardwaru. Ucelen\u00fd p\u0159ehled\" class=\"read-more\" href=\"https:\/\/tech-lib.eu\/tech\/typy-hardwaru-uceleny-prehled\/\" aria-label=\"\u010c\u00edst v\u00edce o Typy hardwaru. Ucelen\u00fd p\u0159ehled\">\u010c\u00edst d\u00e1l<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":3033,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[18],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-5434","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-hardware"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/tech-lib.eu\/tech\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/5434","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/tech-lib.eu\/tech\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/tech-lib.eu\/tech\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/tech-lib.eu\/tech\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/3033"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/tech-lib.eu\/tech\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=5434"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/tech-lib.eu\/tech\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/5434\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/tech-lib.eu\/tech\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=5434"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/tech-lib.eu\/tech\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=5434"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/tech-lib.eu\/tech\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=5434"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}