{"id":11978,"date":"2023-08-25T00:00:00","date_gmt":"2023-08-25T00:00:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/tech-lib.eu\/tech\/kolik-penez-vydela-nasa-za-den\/"},"modified":"2023-08-25T00:00:00","modified_gmt":"2023-08-25T00:00:00","slug":"kolik-penez-vydela-nasa-za-den","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/tech-lib.eu\/tech\/kolik-penez-vydela-nasa-za-den\/","title":{"rendered":"Kolik pen\u011bz vyd\u011bl\u00e1 NASA za den?"},"content":{"rendered":"
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Kolik si vyd\u011bl\u00e1 Hajn\u00fd?<\/div>\n
Kolik vyd\u011bl\u00e1v\u00e1 hajn\u00fd v \u010cesk\u00e9 republice? Pokud se pod\u00edv\u00e1me na hajn\u00fd platov\u00e9 statistiky v \u010cesk\u00e9 republice b\u011bhem 9. srpna 2023, reprezentovan\u00fd zam\u011bstnanec vyd\u011bl\u00e1v\u00e1 312 000 K\u010d; p\u0159esn\u011bji \u0159e\u010deno mzdov\u00e1 sazba je 26 000 K\u010d za m\u011bs\u00edc, 6 500 K\u010d za t\u00fdden nebo 162,5 K\u010d za hodinu.<\/div>\n
\n\t\t\t\t\t Dal\u0161\u00ed informace najdete na<\/span> cz.jooble.org<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n<\/p><\/div>\n
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N\u00e1rodn\u00ed \u00fa\u0159ad pro letectv\u00ed a kosmonautiku, agentura vl\u00e1dy USA, m\u00e1 na starosti v\u00fdzkum v oblasti letectv\u00ed a kosmonautiky a tak\u00e9 \u0159\u00edzen\u00ed civiln\u00edho vesm\u00edrn\u00e9ho programu zem\u011b. P\u0159esto\u017ee je NASA podporov\u00e1na feder\u00e1ln\u00ed vl\u00e1dou, nevyd\u011bl\u00e1v\u00e1 pen\u00edze v b\u011b\u017en\u00e9m slova smyslu. M\u00edsto toho rozpo\u010det stanovuje Kongres a ka\u017edoro\u010dn\u011b p\u0159id\u011bluje finan\u010dn\u00ed prost\u0159edky. Proto je irelevantn\u00ed pt\u00e1t se, kolik pen\u011bz NASA vyd\u011bl\u00e1v\u00e1 na denn\u00ed b\u00e1zi. Abychom se o finan\u010dn\u00ed situaci NASA dozv\u011bd\u011bli v\u00edce, prozkoumejme n\u011bkter\u00e9 relevantn\u00ed ot\u00e1zky. <\/p>\n

Kolik p\u0159\u00edjm\u016f NASA p\u0159in\u00e1\u0161\u00ed? <\/div>\n

Jak ji\u017e bylo \u0159e\u010deno, NASA nevyd\u011bl\u00e1v\u00e1 pen\u00edze stejn\u00fdm zp\u016fsobem jako podnik. V\u011bt\u0161inu jej\u00edho rozpo\u010dtu tvo\u0159\u00ed feder\u00e1ln\u00ed prost\u0159edky. Rozpo\u010det NASA ve fisk\u00e1ln\u00edm roce 2021 \u010dinil p\u0159ibli\u017en\u011b 25,2 miliardy dolar\u016f, co\u017e je n\u00e1r\u016fst oproti p\u0159edchoz\u00edm let\u016fm. Tyto pen\u00edze se pou\u017e\u00edvaj\u00ed na r\u016fzn\u00e9 projekty, v\u010detn\u011b mis\u00ed na pr\u016fzkum vesm\u00edru, v\u011bdeck\u00e9ho v\u00fdzkumu, vytv\u00e1\u0159en\u00ed nov\u00fdch technologi\u00ed a osv\u011btov\u00fdch a vzd\u011bl\u00e1vac\u00edch iniciativ. <\/p>\n

Vyd\u011bl\u00e1v\u00e1 NASA pen\u00edze? <\/div>\n

Ne, NASA nevyd\u011bl\u00e1v\u00e1 pen\u00edze. M\u00edsto vyd\u011bl\u00e1v\u00e1n\u00ed pen\u011bz je jej\u00edm hlavn\u00edm c\u00edlem zlep\u0161it v\u011bdeck\u00fd v\u00fdzkum a pr\u016fzkum vesm\u00edru. Hlavn\u00edm c\u00edlem agentury je zlep\u0161it na\u0161e ch\u00e1p\u00e1n\u00ed vesm\u00edru a posunout hranice lidsk\u00e9ho pozn\u00e1n\u00ed. P\u0159esto\u017ee pr\u016flomov\u00e9 objevy, kter\u00fdch NASA dos\u00e1hla, nejsou p\u0159\u00edmo komer\u010dn\u011b vyu\u017e\u00edv\u00e1ny touto organizac\u00ed, maj\u00ed \u010dasto \u0161ir\u0161\u00ed dopady, z nich\u017e m\u00e1 prosp\u011bch cel\u00e1 spole\u010dnost. Pro\u010d vlastn\u011b stoj\u00ed NASA za ty pen\u00edze? <\/p>\n

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Investice do NASA se vyplat\u00ed d\u00edky n\u011bkolika faktor\u016fm. P\u0159edev\u0161\u00edm testuje hranice lidsk\u00e9ho pozn\u00e1n\u00ed a objev\u016f. NASA prov\u00e1d\u00ed pr\u016fkopnick\u00fd v\u00fdzkum slune\u010dn\u00ed soustavy a vesm\u00edru pomoc\u00ed mis\u00ed, jako je Mars Rover a Hubble\u016fv vesm\u00edrn\u00fd teleskop. Tyto objevy nejen roz\u0161i\u0159uj\u00ed na\u0161e ch\u00e1p\u00e1n\u00ed vesm\u00edru, ale maj\u00ed tak\u00e9 bezprost\u0159edn\u00ed dopad na v\u011bdu o \u017eivotn\u00edm prost\u0159ed\u00ed, technologie a medic\u00ednu. <\/p>\n

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Za druh\u00e9, NASA osv\u011bcuje a inspiruje. Mise agentury vzbuzuj\u00ed zv\u011bdavost ve\u0159ejnosti o v\u011bdu a p\u0159itahuj\u00ed jej\u00ed pozornost. Ve\u0159ejnost a studenti jsou zapojeni do osv\u011btov\u00fdch iniciativ NASA, kter\u00e9 podporuj\u00ed z\u00e1jem o p\u0159edm\u011bty STEM (v\u011bda, technologie, in\u017een\u00fdrstv\u00ed a matematika) a motivuj\u00ed dal\u0161\u00ed generace v\u011bdc\u016f, in\u017een\u00fdr\u016f a astronaut\u016f. <\/p>\n

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V neposledn\u00ed \u0159ad\u011b je \u00fasil\u00ed NASA ziskov\u00e9. Krom\u011b kosmick\u00e9ho v\u00fdzkumu mise agentury podporuj\u00ed technologick\u00fd v\u00fdvoj s komer\u010dn\u00edm vyu\u017eit\u00edm. Pokrok v robotice, satelitn\u00ed komunikaci, materi\u00e1lov\u00e9 v\u011bd\u011b a dal\u0161\u00edch oborech byl \u010d\u00e1ste\u010dn\u011b umo\u017en\u011bn v\u00fdzkumem a v\u00fdvojem NASA. Tento v\u00fdvoj m\u00e1 potenci\u00e1l pos\u00edlit n\u00e1rodn\u00ed bezpe\u010dnost, stimulovat hospod\u00e1\u0159sk\u00fd r\u016fst a vytv\u00e1\u0159et pracovn\u00ed m\u00edsta. Jsou astronauti dob\u0159e odm\u011b\u0148ov\u00e1ni? <\/p>\n

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Jako st\u00e1tn\u00ed zam\u011bstnanci jsou astronauti odm\u011b\u0148ov\u00e1ni podle platov\u00e9 stupnice GS (General Schedule) feder\u00e1ln\u00ed vl\u00e1dy. Konkr\u00e9tn\u00ed v\u00fd\u0161e platu se odv\u00edj\u00ed nap\u0159\u00edklad od hodnosti a zku\u0161enost\u00ed. Za\u010d\u00ednaj\u00edc\u00ed astronaut si od roku 2021 vyd\u011bl\u00e1 p\u0159ibli\u017en\u011b 66 000 dolar\u016f ro\u010dn\u011b, zat\u00edmco zku\u0161en\u011bj\u0161\u00ed astronaut a\u017e 144 000 dolar\u016f. Je v\u0161ak d\u016fle\u017eit\u00e9 si uv\u011bdomit, \u017ee astronauti to ned\u011blaj\u00ed pro pen\u00edze. Hnac\u00edm motorem je pro n\u011b touha dozv\u011bd\u011bt se v\u00edce o v\u011bd\u011b a mo\u017enost prohloubit lidsk\u00e9 pozn\u00e1n\u00ed vesm\u00edru. <\/p>\n

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Z\u00e1v\u011brem lze \u0159\u00edci, \u017ee NASA nevyd\u011bl\u00e1v\u00e1 ani nevyd\u011bl\u00e1v\u00e1 pen\u00edze v b\u011b\u017en\u00e9m slova smyslu. Kongres j\u00ed p\u0159id\u011bluje finan\u010dn\u00ed prost\u0159edky, aby mohla plnit sv\u016fj c\u00edl, kter\u00fdm je technologick\u00fd pokrok, v\u011bdeck\u00fd v\u00fdzkum a pr\u016fzkum vesm\u00edru. V\u00fdznam NASA spo\u010d\u00edv\u00e1 v jej\u00edm p\u0159\u00ednosu k lidsk\u00e9mu pozn\u00e1n\u00ed, ve schopnosti inspirovat mlad\u0161\u00ed generace a ve finan\u010dn\u00edch zisc\u00edch, kter\u00e9 generuje z technick\u00e9ho pokroku. P\u0159esto\u017ee ve srovn\u00e1n\u00ed s n\u011bkter\u00fdmi jin\u00fdmi profesemi nejsou astronauti dob\u0159e odm\u011b\u0148ov\u00e1ni, motivuje je sp\u00ed\u0161e l\u00e1ska k objevov\u00e1n\u00ed ne\u017e pen\u00edze.<\/p><\/div>\n

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FAQ<\/div>\n
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Kolik st\u00e1la cesta na M\u011bs\u00edc?<\/div>\n

V \u0161edes\u00e1t\u00fdch a na po\u010d\u00e1tku sedmdes\u00e1t\u00fdch let 20. stolet\u00ed byly n\u00e1klady na program Apollo – kter\u00fd zahrnoval mise, je\u017e \u00fasp\u011b\u0161n\u011b vyslaly lidi na M\u011bs\u00edc – odhadov\u00e1ny na zhruba 25,4 miliardy dolar\u016f. To by bylo srovnateln\u00e9 s t\u00e9m\u011b\u0159 152 miliardami dolar\u016f v dne\u0161n\u00edch pen\u011bz\u00edch po zapo\u010dten\u00ed inflace. Je d\u016fle\u017eit\u00e9 m\u00edt na pam\u011bti, \u017ee tato \u010d\u00e1stka zahrnuje cenu cel\u00e9ho programu Apollo, nikoli pouze jedn\u00e9 konkr\u00e9tn\u00ed mise s p\u0159ist\u00e1n\u00edm na M\u011bs\u00edci. <\/p>\n<\/div>\n

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Kolik NASA utratila za celou dobu?<\/div>\n

Celkov\u00fd rozpo\u010det NASA za celou dobu jej\u00ed existence (po\u010d\u00ednaje jej\u00edm zalo\u017een\u00edm v roce 1958) se podle posledn\u00edch dostupn\u00fdch \u00fadaj\u016f odhaduje na p\u0159ibli\u017en\u011b 1,5 bilionu dolar\u016f. Je nezbytn\u00e9 si uv\u011bdomit, \u017ee tato \u010d\u00e1stka zahrnuje krom\u011b provozn\u00edch n\u00e1klad\u016f agentury tak\u00e9 n\u00e1klady na infrastrukturu, \u0159adu dal\u0161\u00edch iniciativ a poplatky za v\u00fdzkum a v\u00fdvoj. <\/p>\n<\/div>\n

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Jak \u00fasp\u011b\u0161n\u00e1 je NASA?<\/div>\n

K posouzen\u00ed \u00fasp\u011b\u0161nosti NASA lze pou\u017e\u00edt r\u016fzn\u00e9 ukazatele. NASA je pom\u011brn\u011b \u00fasp\u011b\u0161n\u00e1 v roz\u0161i\u0159ov\u00e1n\u00ed na\u0161ich znalost\u00ed o vesm\u00edru a vesm\u00edru z v\u011bdeck\u00e9ho hlediska. NASA uskute\u010dnila n\u011bkolik p\u0159evratn\u00fdch objev\u016f a v\u00fdznamn\u011b p\u0159isp\u011bla k na\u0161emu pozn\u00e1n\u00ed nebesk\u00fdch t\u011bles, po\u010d\u00e1tk\u016f vesm\u00edru a mo\u017enosti \u017eivota mimo Zemi prost\u0159ednictv\u00edm sv\u00fdch mis\u00ed, jako je p\u0159ist\u00e1n\u00ed Apolla na M\u011bs\u00edci, Hubble\u016fv vesm\u00edrn\u00fd dalekohled a voz\u00edtka na Marsu. <\/p>\n

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Krom\u011b toho technologick\u00fd v\u00fdvoj NASA v\u00fdznamn\u011b ovlivnil \u0159adu podnik\u016f a ka\u017edodenn\u00ed \u017eivot. Satelitn\u00ed komunikace, p\u0159edpov\u011b\u010f po\u010das\u00ed, GPS a l\u00e9ka\u0159sk\u00e1 zobrazovac\u00ed za\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed jsou jen n\u011bkter\u00e9 z pr\u016flomov\u00fdch objev\u016f a technologi\u00ed, kter\u00e9 agentura sv\u00fdm v\u00fdzkumem a v\u00fdvojem pomohla vytvo\u0159it a kter\u00e9 se nyn\u00ed b\u011b\u017en\u011b pou\u017e\u00edvaj\u00ed. <\/p>\n

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Z hlediska finan\u010dn\u00edho \u00fasp\u011bchu v\u0161ak NASA funguje jinak ne\u017e ziskov\u00e9 spole\u010dnosti. Je to vl\u00e1dn\u00ed organizace financovan\u00e1 da\u0148ov\u00fdmi poplatn\u00edky a jej\u00edm hlavn\u00edm c\u00edlem je rozvoj v\u011bdeck\u00e9ho v\u00fdzkumu a pr\u016fzkumu, nikoliv vyd\u011bl\u00e1v\u00e1n\u00ed pen\u011bz. P\u0159esto\u017ee se rozpo\u010det NASA v jednotliv\u00fdch letech li\u0161\u00ed, d\u00edky sv\u00e9mu financov\u00e1n\u00ed je schopna realizovat d\u016fle\u017eit\u00e9 mise, vypou\u0161t\u011bt dru\u017eice, vyv\u00edjet kosmick\u00e9 lod\u011b a podporovat v\u011bdeck\u00e9 studium. <\/p>\n

<\/div>\n

Celkov\u00fd \u00fasp\u011bch NASA je tedy patrn\u00fd z jej\u00edch v\u011bdeck\u00fdch \u00fasp\u011bch\u016f, technick\u00e9ho rozvoje a p\u0159\u00ednosu k na\u0161emu pozn\u00e1n\u00ed vesm\u00edru, i kdy\u017e jej\u00ed finan\u010dn\u00ed \u00fasp\u011bch nelze vy\u010d\u00edslit v podob\u011b p\u0159\u00edjm\u016f.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Kolik si vyd\u011bl\u00e1 Hajn\u00fd? Kolik vyd\u011bl\u00e1v\u00e1 hajn\u00fd v \u010cesk\u00e9 republice? Pokud se pod\u00edv\u00e1me na hajn\u00fd platov\u00e9 statistiky v \u010cesk\u00e9 republice b\u011bhem 9. srpna 2023, reprezentovan\u00fd zam\u011bstnanec vyd\u011bl\u00e1v\u00e1 312 000 K\u010d; p\u0159esn\u011bji \u0159e\u010deno mzdov\u00e1 sazba je 26 000 K\u010d za m\u011bs\u00edc, 6 500 K\u010d za t\u00fdden nebo 162,5 K\u010d za hodinu. Dal\u0161\u00ed informace najdete na cz.jooble.org … \u010c\u00edst d\u00e1l<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":471,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[3610],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-11978","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-finance"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/tech-lib.eu\/tech\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/11978","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/tech-lib.eu\/tech\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/tech-lib.eu\/tech\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/tech-lib.eu\/tech\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/471"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/tech-lib.eu\/tech\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=11978"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/tech-lib.eu\/tech\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/11978\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/tech-lib.eu\/tech\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=11978"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/tech-lib.eu\/tech\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=11978"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/tech-lib.eu\/tech\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=11978"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}